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- Government
-
- Long-form name: Republic of Chile.
-
- Type: republic.
-
- Capital: Santiago.
-
- Administrative divisions: 13 regions (regiones, singular--region);
- Aisen del General Carlos Ibanez del Campo, Antofagasta, Araucania,
- Atacama, Biobio, Coquimbo, Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins,
- Los Lagos, Magallanes y Antartica Chilena, Maule, Region
- Metropolitana, Tarapaca, Valparaiso.
-
- Independence: 18 September 1810 (from Spain).
-
- Constitution: 11 September 1980, effective 11 March 1981;
- amended 30 July 1989.
-
- Legal system: based on Code of 1857 derived from Spanish
- law and subsequent codes influenced by French and Austrian
- law; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme
- Court; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction.
-
- National holiday: Independence Day, 18 September (1810).
-
- Executive branch: president, Cabinet.
-
- Legislative branch: bicameral National Congress (Congreso
- Nacional) consisting of an upper house or Senate and a lower
- house or Chamber of Deputies.
-
- Judicial branch: Supreme Court (Corte Suprema).
-
- Leaders: Chief of State and Head of Government--President
- Patricio AYLWIN (since 11 March 1990).
-
- Political parties and leaders: National Renovation (RN),
- Sergio Jarpa, president; Radical Party (PR), Enrique Silva
- Cimma; Social Democratic Party (PSD), Eugenio Velasco; Christian
- Democratic Party (PDC), Andres Zaldivar; Party for Democracy,
- Ricardo Lagos; Socialist Party, Clodomiro Almeyda; other
- parties are Movement of United Popular Action (MAPU), Victor
- Barrueto; Christian Left (IC), Luis Maira; Communist Party
- of Chile (PCCh), Volodia Teitelboim; Movement of the Revolutionary
- Left (MIR) is splintered, no single leader; several leftist
- and far left parties formed a new coalition in November
- 1988 with Luis Maira as president; the 17-party Concertation
- of Parties for Democracy backed Patricio Aylwin's presidential
- candidacy in December 1989.
-
- Suffrage: universal and compulsory at age 18.
-
- Elections:
-
- President--last held 14 December 1989 (next to be held December
- 1993 or January 1994); results--Patricio Aylwin 55.2%, Hernan
- Buchi 29.4%, other 15.4%;
-
- Senate--last held 14 December 1989 (next to be held December
- 1993 or January 1994); seats--(47 total, 38 elected) 17-party
- Concertation of Parties for Democracy 22;
-
- Chamber of Deputies--last held 14 December 1989 (next to
- be held December 1993 or January 1994); seats--(120 total)
- Concertation of Parties for Democracy 69.
-
- Communists: 120,000 when PCCh was legal in 1973; 50,000 (est.)
- active militants.
-
- Other political or pressure groups: revitalized university
- student federations at all major universities dominated
- by opposition political groups; labor--United Labor Central
- (CUT) includes trade unionists from the country's five-largest
- labor confederations; Roman Catholic Church.
-
- Member of: CCC, CIPEC, ECOSOC, FAO, G-77, GATT, IADB, IAEA,
- IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IDB--Inter-American Development Bank, IFAD,
- IFC, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IPU, ITU, LAIA,
- OAS, PAHO, SELA, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WSG, WTO.
-
- Diplomatic representation: Ambassador Octavio ERRAZURIZ;
- Chancery at 1732 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington DC
- 20036; telephone (202) 785-1746; there are Chilean Consulates
- General in Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New York,
- and San Francisco; US--Ambassador Charles A. GILLESPIE,
- Jr.; Embassy at Codina Building, 1343 Agustinas, Santiago
- (mailing address is APO Miami 34033); telephone [56] (2)
- 710133 or 710190, 710326, 710375.
-
- Flag: two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and red;
- there is a blue square the same height as the white band
- at the hoist-side end of the white band; the square bears
- a white five-pointed star in the center; design was based
- on the US flag.
-